PRESENT SIMPLE
IL PRESENT SIMPLE SI USA:
- Per esprimere abitudini, azioni generalmente valide, azioni ripetute o situazioni immutevoli, emozioni e desideri:
I smoke (habit); I work in Toronto (lifestyle situation); Toronto is a big city (general truth) I like pizza. (emozioni) I want to be free. (desideri)
Attenzione! Il present simple non si usa per esprimere azioni che si svolgono nel momento in cui si parla.
ESEMPI
- Abitudini
- David Hunt lives and works in the Valley.
David Hunt drinks coffee for breakfast at Mario’s bar – the Vice Versa.
Linda Fox, the Boss, wakes up late every day. - Azioni o avvenimenti ripetuti
We read the local newspaper every morning.
Linda and David fly to Monaco every summer. - David smokes a pack of cigarettes every day.
Per qualcosa di generalmente valido
Italy has the shape of a boot.
The Moon revolves around the Earth.
COME SI FORMA IL PRESENT SIMPLE: TO THINK (PENSARE)
| Affermativa | Interrogativa | Negativa |
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
NOTE SUL PRESENT SIMPLE ALLA TERZA PERSONA SINGOLARE
- Alla terza persona singolare, i verbi endono terminano sempre in –s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. - Le forme negative e interrogative usano il DOES (= la terza persona singolare dell’ausiliare ‘DO’) + il verbo alla forma base.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. - I verbi che terminano in -y: alla terza persona la -y diventa -ies:
fly –> flies, cry –> cries
Eccezione: in caso di vocale prima della –y:
play –> plays, pray –> prays - Aggiungere -es ai verbi che terminano i in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
ESEMPI
- He goes to work every morning.
- She understands French.
- It (the computer) downloads files very fast.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing on the beach.
